This is not so much an aeolian morphology as it is an aeolian deposit: an enormous amount of silt and dust blown from glacial deposits elsewhere the Gobi Desert (Thanks Callan!). Loess deposits tend to make for rich soils, but when plowed or otherwise denuded, revert to their ancestral heritage, and are prone to go a-wandering again. Wind or water move such deposits quickly and easily. The thing that stands out to me in this image is how sharply carved the drainage is. Sail to China!
Followup: I had been under the impression that loess was by definition composed of glacially derived and wind transported sediments. That is not the case. The wiki entry clearly describes a variety of non-glacial sources, including the Gobi as the source for the landscape above. Also at that site, a nice photo of that region from ground level. There are some very informative comments below. Thanks for the continuing education, all!
